The Arabic language does not really need vowels to be read. Reading is directed by usage and grammar. But initially for beginners, they must know the pronunciation of the letters. And for this we give them the means of acquiring this usage and indirectly the grammar.
Voyelles courtes
Voyelle courte A
Voyelle courte I
Voyelle courte U
Voyelle courte « ° » (soukoune)
Voyelles longues
Voyelle longue AA
Voyelle longue II
Voyelle longue UU
Voyelles doubles
Voyelle double ANN
Voyelle double INN
Voyelle double UNN
Autres voyelles